Examining Reasons Why Kids Join Gangs Essay - 2158 Words

Some truths are universal. A child comes into this world with needs. Infants need to be physically close to their mother and be able to receive and give affection to form an ever-lasting emotional bond. Children need to feel that they are safe, that they will never be abandoned, and that they are loved and valued. This deeply special relationship between a mother and child steers the persons relationships for rest of his or her life. If this relationship is close and secure, then the child learns to trust and love. If this relationship is emotionally distant and inconsistent, and especially if there is abuse, then the child learns not to trust or care and believes that he or she is all alone and the world becomes a very large and†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, life was far more difficult than any ever expected. Because of poverty and the many diseases around at the time, a lot of parents died and left countless children alone with no family to take them in. Massive a mounts of orphans to care for were a common problem in many cities. Even cities with populations as small as 1,000 people had an orphanage. To see children wandering the streets was a common sight. The orphanages idea was to keep the children separated from the rest of society, not to find a home for them. With little funding and no oversight, children housed in these institutions lived in deplorable conditions. Juvenile delinquency became a major concern as scores of homeless children roamed the streets in nearly every large city. The only way for these children and teenagers to eat and clothe themselves was to steal. Night patrolman had difficulty keeping the youngsters from engaging in minor acts of mischief. Although the youth banded together, they were more of an annoyance for the communities rather than feared gangs. In 1791, gangs were such a problem in Philadelphia that the city leaders held an emergency meeting to decide how to deal with their citys gang problem. Evidently they didn’t come up with any viable solutions back then either. The early 1800s brought a definite distinction in social classes and the gang problem continued to proliferate. Gangs were generally comprised of members of the same race andShow MoreRelatedGangs Influence On Black Youth Essay2031 Words   |  9 PagesGangs have existed in America since the early eighteenth century, they first rose a outsi der institutions that provided membership and sense of self to individuals who were not seen as part of the community. Traditionally, gang membership correlates to familial membership; parental and family membership in a gang elevates the possibility of youth also joining a gang. Though these outsider institutions have developed overtime, they pose some of the most violent threats to public safety, but alsoRead MoreEssay on Class and Culture in Urban American3803 Words   |  16 PagesClass and Culture in Urban American A gang is a loosely organized group of individual people who join forces for social reasons. Or anti-social reasons depending on how one looks at it. A person may join a gang for numerous reasons. These reasons include the need for â€Å"identity, discipline, recognition, love, money, and belonging.† 5 â€Å"Today there are approximately 274 Blood and Crip gangs in Los Angeles County alone.† 1 The gangs that are often in the news are usually made up of African-AmericansRead MoreGangs, and Deviance2392 Words   |  10 Pagesa group of hoodlums who tote guns, sell drugs, and ruin neighborhoods as thugs, and gang members. These are things not tolerated or seen as good in society so it’s considered a violation of social norms. A street gang is group of people that form an allegiance based on various social needs and engage in acts that can cause harm to public health and safety. Members of street gangs engage in, or have engaged in gang-focused criminal activity either individually or as a group, they create and fear andRead MoreRacism Present In Disney/Pixar Films. For Many Parents,1587 Words   |  7 PagesRacism Present in Disney/Pixar Films For many parents, these Disney/Pixar movies are something nice they can show to their children, they grew up on many of them and they wish to share this joy with their kids as well. If one was to walk up and tell them â€Å"These movies are fairly racist, you should show them to your children lest they get the wrong idea!† in most cases, they will find them to be just a closet nutcase and ignore that like it never happened. Society and these movies have conditionedRead MoreWhat Are the Major Issues That Cause Inner City Youth to Join Gangs and Become Delinquent? Discuss Whether the New Labour Government’s Policies Have Been Effective in Solving These Issues?8138 Words   |  33 Pagescity youth to join gangs and become delinquent? Discuss whether the New Labour Government’s policies have been effective in solving these issues? 2010 Project by: Alice Mutumba Student No: 05038460 CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Summary The perception that gang culture in relation to youth crime is growing in the UK is intensified by the media, it is very rare to read a daily paper these days without coming across some mention of gang related crime. In order to understand why some of the youngRead More American History X and the Epidemic of Youth Violence Essay4096 Words   |  17 Pagessweet the sound, That saved a wretch like me. I once was lost, But now am found, Was blind but now I see. --Shaker hymn James Garbarino (1999) discusses the boys who are lost and ways that they can learn to see again in his book Lost Boys: Why Our Sons Turn Violent and How We Can Save Them. He takes an in depth look at what he calls the epidemic of youth violence in America in order to determine its causes and origins. By gaining an understanding of the problem, Garbarino hopes to be ableRead MoreA Book Report of: Why Race and Culture Matter in Schools: Closing the Achievement Gap in America’s Classrooms2975 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿ A Book Report of: Why Race and Culture Matter in Schools: Closing the Achievement Gap in America’s Classrooms Abstract This paper is intended to explore and report upon the topics posited by Tyrone C. Howard in his book, Why Race and Culture Matter in Schools: Closing the Achievement Gap in Americas Classrooms. Closely examining each and every chapter as they come and how the structure of this book gives a detailed framework and guidance system for noviceRead MoreRomanticism and Modernism as Strange Bedfellows: A Fresh Look at Jack Kerouacs On the Road12240 Words   |  49 Pageswords, the novel is the product of a romantic eye viewing the world through a modernistic lens. To clearly understand the novel’s message, a fusion of romanticism and modernism must be recognized and acknowledged as coexisting within the work. When examining On the Road, a series of patterns of Kerouac’s optimistic, romantic thought are evident followed by his disillusionment and feelings of alienation. The scenes in the novel have a before-and-after effect. It is as if the â€Å"innocence† is tainted byRead MoreEssay on Fall of Asclepius95354 Words   |  382 Pagessame time it was the most complicated word to enter any human language. I mean just think about it... You say that word to anyone before the outbreak and what would they think of? They would, think of those horror movies or comic books where, for no reason what so ever, zombies appear all around the globe in an instance. Thats not how it happened for us. There were signs for over two months. Its just that no one took the time to put the pieces together. I kind of did. I knew there was something moreRead MoreJuvenile Crime Issues in Today’s Criminal Justice System18893 Words   |  76 PagesMultinational Criminal Justice chapter 18 The Future of Criminal Justice These individual rights must be effectively balanced against these present and emerging community concerns: Widespread drug abuse among youth The threat of juvenile crime Urban gang violence High-technology, computer, and Internet crime (cybercrime) Terrorism and narcoterrorism Occupational and whitecollar crime  ©  © A right to privacy A right to be assumed innocent A right against self-incrimination A right to equal protection

President Donald J. Trump Essay - 1711 Words

The United States (US) and the global community await the inauguration of elected President Donald J. Trump this coming January. The new incoming president is the result of Republican Party backing and the voting power of the people who voiced their needs to see major change in the US political system of government. As the American public await the allocation of 15 presidential cabinet positions, one cannot help but question the ability of the president elect to take the US to a positive and prosperous direction. These questions arise in light that Mr. Trump, though a leader in the real estate market and a focal point in some areas of the media, has no working military or political experience. Thus it is my belief that the policies of the US will be driven by the experience of the executive cabinet and the general directives of President-elect Trump. The president-elect ran on a populist platform touting opposition on illegal immigration, Current international trade agreements like t he North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) (Emery Jr., 2016) and a reversal, opposition of current policy, of key security at home points such as a buildup in military force and missile defense, removal of gun purchasing restriction and right to carry laws (Gilmer, 2016). The affirmation of President-elect Trump’s resolve will be solidified by his administration and the embodied experience that will be used to support it. But what can this newShow MoreRelatedDonald J. Trump : President Of The United States Essay2119 Words   |  9 PagesDonald J. Trump will be the next president of the United States. Continuously throughout the election process, pundits and commoners alike dismissed even the slightest possibility of a Trump victory for a host of reasons. The most glaring of which was that he had no political experience, followed closely by the fact that he consistently spewed hateful rhetoric directed at nearly every demographic im aginable, save for white men. Nevertheless, as the election drew closer, the number of his supportersRead MorePresident Donald J. Trump : The Leader Of The Free World783 Words   |  4 PagesSince the election of President Donald J. Trump, a president whose political viewpoints are entrenched by nativism, protectionism, and an apparent fondness for Russia, some analysts have made the claim that German Chancellor Angela Merkel is now the leader of the free world. Being at the forefront of the Syrian refugee crisis by maintaining Germany’s open-door refugee policy, and her intense support for free trade, it is understandable to comprehend why analysts assume that the mantel as protectorRead MoreAnalysis Of The 2016 Republican Primaries, Donald Trump And Dr. Ben Carson993 Words   |  4 PagesPrimaries, Donald Trump and Dr. Ben Carson, seems like a typical politician, they have become the choice of many voters. Donald Trump has implied a desire to run for president on more than one occasion, but on June 16, 2015, he formally announced his candidacy for the 2016 presidential election (Ballotpedia, 2015). Trump is from New York City, New York and received his Bachelor of Science degree in Economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (Politicks.org, 2015). Trump is a realRead MoreThe Greatest Leader Of The United States 2016 Election Year After College999 Words   |  4 Pagesgets the people to do the greatest things.† This is a quote by one of our past presidents, Ronald Reagan. As the United States’ 2016 election year shortly approaches candidates everywhere are trying to be seen as great leaders to the people. One of the main ways candidates do this is by campaigning, which involved going to speeches, going to philanthropic events, and coming up with creative ways to advertise. Donald J. Trump a businessman turning politician is one of the head candidates for the NationalRead MoreEssay On Social Media1286 Words   |  6 Pagesto the authorized user to use the social media. Otherwise, their single tweet can harm the elected leader also to their government (The PEW Charitable Trusts). We know that the president of the USA, Donald Trump is active on the social media and giving his administration information to the people. He is the 45th president of the US. By looking his social media, we can see he utilize it to give the information about economy, environment, guns and so on. 1 On October 21, Friday, he tweeted that theRead MoreThe Presidential Election : Barack Obama1465 Words   |  6 Pagesformer First Lady, Senator and Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, along with her Vice Presidential running mate, former Virginia senator, Tim Kaine. On the Republican ticket is Businessman and former reality television host, Donald Trump with his pick for Vice President, former governor of Indiana, Mike Pence. Whichever candidate wins the presidency will take on the task of trying to alleviate many of the issues our country faces today. One of those issues is to strengthen our economy and createRead More2016 Primary Election And Presidential Election Essay1433 Words   |   6 PagesThe 2016 primary election has been the most intriguing in modern history, mainly due to one candidate; Donald J. Trump. Before he won the general election, President-elect Donald J. Trump won the Republican primary. Since the day he announced his candidacy by riding down an escalator in Trump Tower, pundits and politicians didn’t seriously believe he had a chance. As the debates were held and the primaries went on, it became apparent that he had an actual chance of winning the nomination. The RepublicanRead MoreBreaking Into Teenagest Democracy : Breaking Into Oldest Democracy976 Words   |  4 PagesPresidential election. Most people including myself can not believe that Donald J. Trump had won and now is the president of the most powerful country in the world. Some people including the media and the democrats are still trying to uncover the dark tactics and the illegal practice that is covered by Trumps lies and sweet talks, but what the media and the democrats has found will fill your minds with a different point of view for Donald J. Trump. Even the Intelligence committee has found that foreign powerRead MoreElection Of 2016. The Country Is A Divided Political Entity1259 Words   |  6 Pageswill forget. It is the day when everyone gets to the polls to vote for the next president of the united states as well as other open senate and offices. It will be the day foreign leaders learn who they will be dealing with. Let us meet our candidates. For the Republican nominee we have a business man turning his interest to the political arena Donald Trump. He was born on June 14, 1946 to Fred Mary MacLeod Trump. He grew up primarily in Queens, NY and at 13 went to a military school near WestRead MoreThe Great Immersion : Why I Am A President751 Words   |  4 PagesAboard the Trump Train I had a slight idea of what I was getting myself in to, last fall, when I hopped aboard the Trump Train. To be honest, at first I was rooting for Scott Walker, but his appearance in a debate irritated me to the point that I had to find another vehicle for political representation, but it couldn t be status quo for me, it just couldn t be Hillary Clinton so easily; that s when I decided to hop aboard the Trump Train. Immersing myself into the idea that Donald J. Trump is qualified

Italian Restaurant Business Plan - 5836 Words

Italian Restaurant Business Plan Marketing Executive Summary This business plan for The Pasta House Co. – Fenton (PHC) reflects the opportunity to purchase the assets and leasehold improvements of the restaurant currently operating as JD Drews. The current owner is interested in selling the operations, as the store is not doing the volume he thought it would and he would like to get out of this location and the debt service he has incurred. My goal is to submit this business plan to his bank in the event he is unable to make loan or rent payments and defaults on the loan. We will be a position to take over the SBA loan, and with additional funds added, convert this location to a profitable Pasta House Co. franchise restaurant. The†¦show more content†¦* Combine the corporate marketing strategies with my own to build volume quickly. * First year sales to hit between $1.5 and $2 million with 10% growth in first few years. * High Gross margins. * Maintain food and labor costs consistent with High Ridge. * Maintain and expand my outstanding reputation. * Remain a neighborhood family restaurant. * Be the first fine dining Italian Restaurant in Fenton (the fastest growing community in Missouri). 1.3 Keys to Success * The Pasta House Co. name and reputation is well known in the St. Louis area. The food served is voted a St. Louis favorite every year. * The products we serve are of the highest quality. We combine this quality with great service and atmosphere. We then add menu items that appeal to all ages of the family as well as single adults. * Current management staff and crew have a great deal of experience. * Location, Location, Location! Some people have named the intersection of Hwy 30 and 141 The Golden Circle. Fenton is the fastest growing community in the entire state of Missouri! * This shopping center location is three years old. Every spot in the center is filled and the main anchor is a Dierbergs grocery store, the highest quality grocery chain in the area. * This location offers private rooms on a reservation basis. I have developed the bulk food and catering large party’s concept at my other location and plan to promote it with the partyShow MoreRelate d1. Background This assignment examines the e-business strategies implemented in Strada Cafe – An900 Words   |  4 Pagesthe e-business strategies implemented in Strada Cafe – An Italian gourmet chain owned by Tragus group. Strada - A concept spawned in 2000 grew up to 30 odd chain restaurants before it changed hands, which was further expanded to nothing less than 55 restaurants. It grew up in a steady phase with the aim of establishing itself as a combination of ethnic Italian dining combined with the power of today’s technology. Tragus group ltd. established Strada as a chain of contemporary Italian restaurant servingRead MoreAcademia Barilla1071 Words   |  5 Pagesneed for growth. Situation analysis 3C Company ïÆ'   Barilla Largest Italian food company in the world. Best-selling pasta brand in the United States Strongest brand name in Italy. Dry pasta and several bakery categories in Italy. While also pasta sauces for the U.S. market. ïÆ'   Academia Barilla Feeling the limitation of growing the business with only pasta and sauce. Launched in 2004 to preserve, develop, and promote authentic Italian cuisine. Comprehensive concept included a culinary training centerRead MoreThe Great Italian Food Company Strategy769 Words   |  4 PagesGreat Italian Food Company (GIFC) is a family owned business. For the restaurant business to survive, it must give attention in providing high quality products and service, perform corporate social responsibility and integrity. The GIFC managers have understood that for the restaurant business to succeed, in the long run, must focus on integrity in relationships with customers, employees and business partners. The GIFC is an authentic Italian restaurant, so opening up other ethnic restaurants shouldRead MoreEvaluation Of A Student s Name1577 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis Student’s Name Student ID Professor’s Name Course Title Date of Submission Abstract This research attempts to know whether the factors, restaurant types and the average price determines customer satisfaction in the full service restaurant chains .The variable types indicate whether the restaurant is an Italian restaurant or a seafood /steakhouse while the price indicates the average amount paid per person for dinner and drinks, minus tip. The customer diner overall satisfactionRead MoreBusiness Plan For A Restaurant And Bar Chain Business1090 Words   |  5 PagesHere i would like to open a restaurant and bar chain business so here is the following business plan 1 – Executive Summary The Executive Summary is the most important part of your business plan. Because if it doesn’t interest readers, they’ll never even get to the rest of your plan. Start your Executive Summary with a brief and concise explanation of what your company does. Next, explain why your company is uniquely qualified to succeed. For example, does your management team have unique competenciesRead MoreTrenton, Jersey, Nj Nightlife : Best Restaurants Bars992 Words   |  4 PagesTop Rated Trenton, NJ Nightlife: Best Restaurants Bars Meta Description: Trenton, New Jersey has great restaurants, bars, and other nightlife to choose from. Meta Keywords: Trenton bars, Trenton restaurants, Restaurants in Trenton, Bars in Trenton Trenton, New Jersey Knows How to Show Locals and Tourists a Good Time Trenton, New Jersey may not be the first place you think of when you think nightlife capital of the East Coast. It may not be, that is, unless you live there or have ever traveledRead MoreThe Current Stage Of A Restaurant1729 Words   |  7 Pages Company Background: The name of the business is Around the World. It is a one of a kind restaurant/buffet. It all started in late 2014 when Aimee Kustar and Cassie Pelletier came up with the idea of opening up a restaurant that had different themes within. It would appeal to people with different tastes and not make them always choose a different restaurant to find different types of food. There are no affiliates as of now, but that may be subject to change in the future. Right now, the currentRead MoreProgrammed and Non Programmed Decision Making977 Words   |  4 Pages1. Compare and contrast programmed and nonprogrammed decision-making in organizations and give two realistic business examples of each of these two types of decision-making. Programmed decision are decisions that have been made so many times in the past that managers have developed rules or guideline to be applied when certain situations are expected to occur. Programmed decision making is used when an inventory manager of mc Donalds decides to order beef patty stocks because the stocks areRead MoreMgt 401 Week 21447 Words   |  6 Pagestitle page! Business Model Comparison Team A – Kristen Taylor, Velma Mobley, Aaron Ford, Courtney Uchiyama July 8, 2013 MGT/401 Tricia Rosengarten Business Model Comparison Most small businesses require some outside funding. Not many entrepreneurs have enough personal capital to open and maintain funding for a business. To attract investors and attain partnerships, a business owner should consider a business model necessary. This paper will compare two restaurant businesses, identifyRead MoreCase Study Bon Appetit766 Words   |  4 PagesBon Appetit PLC I. Summary Bon Appetit plc is a chain of restaurants in the UK operated in up-market. Now the company is at a point where it can see no opportunities for expansion using internal recourses. That is why the Corporate Strategy department is looking for suitable acquisition either in UK or overseas. Among their possible takeover targets are Coffee Ground plc, Starlight plc and Marrio Ferrino. II. The problem Bon Appetit plc chooses a company to acquire with growth potential

Economics Australian Economy

Question: Discuss about theEconomics for Australian Economy. Answer: Introduction A variety of market structures are at play in the Australian economy. Out of these, one that is the most common is undoubtedly oligopoly. Thus type of market structure refers to a situation when there are only a limited number of sellers in the market. One of the specific conditions under oligopoly is called as duopoly which essentially refers to the presence of two big sellers in the market[1]. An example of duopoly in Australia is the organised retail which comprises of namely two sellers i.e. Coles and Woolworths. Another structure present in the Australian market is the monopoly. Australia Post is an apt example of monopoly since it serves as the only major player which operates post related services in Australia. Yet another example of monopoly was the taxi service before the penetration of Uber in the market. Monopoly is considered a market which is characterised by the presence of just one seller. Due to lack of competition, this structure leads to inefficiency since the selle r aims to maximise the underlying profit and thus leads to high amount of deadweight loss[2]. Monopolistic competition has only limited presence in the Australian economy. The given essay aims to highlight the presence of the above market structures in context of Australia. Monopolistic Competition - Australia The prevalence of monopolistic competition is rather limited in Australian market. An example which could come close in this regard would be hotel business. The hotel industry is characterised by the presence of competition that is not perfect as the service offered by various hotels is not of the same level. Another instance of monopolistic competition would be online gaming market in Australia. While a majority of market share is held by Sportsbet and Tab Corp, but besides these, a number of small players are also active in the market which collectively represents a significant market force. In the recent past, the two large players made a vain merger attempt which in case of success would have led to monopoly formation[3]. The characteristics of this market structure are indicated below[4]. The presence of sizable players engaged in both buying and selling. Heterogeneous products are sold in the market. There is some amount of price control exhibited by the sellers. Limited barriers are present related to entry and exit. Oligopoly-Australia In line with the above definition, a market where the sellers are limited is called an oligopoly. One of the possibilities in these markets is the existence of collusion between the different sellers for profit maximisation which in turn is unfavourable for consumer interest. One example in the Australian context relates to the existence of major players in the form of Woolworths and Coles as the two dominant players in the supermarket industry. As these are involved in a fierce rivalry, hence a given firms decision are dependent on the competitors decision. In the recent times, with the penetration of foreign retailers like an Aldi, the organised retail industry is gradually leading to an oligopoly[5]. The Australian retail industry is characterised by the various features related to an oligopoly[6]. There are barriers related to entry and exit that exist primarily in the form of huge investments and supply chain setup. Besides, price differentiation, quality differentiation also tends to exist. The firms tend to heavily influence the pricing and tend to the price makers. Duopoly-Australia Essentially duopoly is not a separate market structure but is a sub-type of oligopoly. Unlike oligopoly where the market power is concentrated between three to five sellers, duopoly is a market structure where the market power is shared by two dominant sellers only. In such a market, the suppliers usually are squeezed especially when price based competition is significant which is the case between Coles and Woolworths[7]. However, these are beneficial for the customers who tend to reap low prices on an ongoing basis. Since the two players seek to outdo each other, there are specialised economic models which are often deployed in order to facilitate decision making in such scenarios. Besides, specialised economic models, game theory is also relevant in such markets[8]. This is primarily because the decisions tend to be dependent on one another. Further, in such market, it may be very difficult to build inroads due to large entry barriers as has been experienced in the Australian marke t. Monopoly-Australia An apt example of monopoly in Australia is the taxi services market which was completed nominated by the Canberra Taxi. However, with the penetration of Uber in the market, this monopoly has been broken to some extent as consumers have a credible and cheaper alternative in place[9]. In the process, the consumers are benefitted as the prices decrease and also there is improvement in overall efficiency levels. The monopoly existence in market in the pre-Uber time may be explained as below[10]. Substitute availability was not there, hence no competition existed and consumers had to avail the service at high prices. Further, through the use of technology and sizable fleet, the various costs were rationalised which implied supernormal profits coupled with the pricing power that these commanded. The entry barriers were high due to the underlying backend infrastructure and fleet requirement. Conclusion It may be logically derived on the basis of the arguments presented above that Australia as a market has exposure to a host of market types. Amongst these, the most common market type is oligopoly which is quite common in the retail industry. However, the rather uncommon market type is monopolistic competition which to an extent is visible in the hotel business. In relation to monopoly, gradually these are being eliminated which is good for the consumers and the industry. An example of the same is the taxi industry post introduction of Uber. Further, different market type have different characteristics in relation to market power with participants, number of sellers and barriers to entry and exit. References: Cummins, C., Influx of international retailers shaking up retail sector shows no signs of abating, The Sydney Morning Herald, 17 November 2015, https://www.smh.com.au/business/property/influx-of-international-retailers-shaking-up-retail-sector-shows-no-signs-of-abating-20151117-gl0ws5.html (accessed 1 December, 2016). Heffernan, M., ACCC's Rod Sims says Woolworths has more problems with suppliers than Coles, The Sydney Morning Herald, 22 July 2016, https://www.smh.com.au/business/retail/acccs-rod-sims-says-woolworths-has-more-problems-with-suppliers-than-coles-20160722-gqbqp3.html (accessed 1 December, 2016). Krugman, P. and G. Wells, Microeconomics, London, Worth Publishers, 2013 Lawson, K.,Uber arrival on Friday ends taxi monopoly, but how many drivers will be on the road?,The Sydney Morning Herald, 29 October 2015, https://www.smh.com.au/act-news/uber-arrival-on-friday-ends-taxi-monopoly-but-how-many-drivers-will-be-on-the-road-20151029-gklwph.html (accessed 1 December, 2016). Mankiw, G., Microeconomics, London, Worth Publishers, 2014 Nicholson, W. and C. Snyder, Fundamentals of Microeconomics, New York, Cengage Learning, 2011 Pindyck, R. and D. Rubinfeld, Microeconomics, London, Prentice-Hall Publications, 2011 Thomson, J., Tabcorp and Tatts Group fail to agree on merger, The Sydney Morning Herald, 16 November, 2015, https://www.smh.com.au/business/tabcorp-and-tatts-group-fail-to-agree-on-merger-20151115-gkzo5c.html (accessed 1 December, 2016).